Owl nest boxes – an expert guide for adding one to your backyard

Q: I would like to encourage more owls into our outdoor space, and plan to buy an owl nesting box to do so. Is there any advice I need to know before I proceed?

A: Adding a nesting box is one of the best ways to attract owls to your backyard. However, there are a few things to consider before you invest in one. These include choosing the right one for your space, installing it in a suitable location, and knowing how to maintain it. There are also some potential interlopers to look out for, and things to avoid.

A guide to installing an owl nest box in your backyard

Turn your backyard into a more wildlife-friendly space with this expert advice. 

Choosing an owl nesting box

'It's essential to choose the appropriate owl nesting box tailored to the specific owl species you intend to attract,' says wildlife expert Roberto Benardout.

Ben Team of FootstepsInTheForest.com underlines this point: 'Small owls obviously need small nesting boxes, while larger owls need more spacious accommodations. Very large owls, such as great horned owls and eagle owls, often prefer nesting in open boxes or flat platforms instead of cavity-style nesting boxes.' 

You'll need to research the native owl species in your region, Roberto says. 'If you're uncertain, seek guidance from your local wildlife organization.' 

Ben also recommends spending some time outside at night listening to the owls in your area. 'Different species have different calls, which you can learn by listening to YouTube videos or by visiting bird-oriented websites.

'Once you've identified the species in your area, you can select an appropriate box or platform,' Ben continues. If you're choosing a box, ensure the size of the entrance hole is suitable, too.

Roberto also advises opting for materials that are water-resistant and safe for owls. 'Avoid the use of toxic substances, like paints or stains, inside the box to ensure the owls' well-being.'

Roberto Benardout

Roberto is a passionate outdoor enthusiast and dedicated wildlife lover, driven by an insatiable urge to explore Mother Nature's most awe-inspiring landscapes. As the founder of Nature Roamer, his greatest pleasure comes from inspiring others and sharing his knowledge about the wonders of the great outdoors.

Ben Team

Ben Team is editor-in-chief of FootstepsInTheForest.com. A lifelong environmental educator and the former executive director of a nature reserve, Ben has led more than 10,000 miles of guided nature hikes, authored more than 40 animal care books, and has been profiled in a variety of media outlets, including local public television, County Line Magazine, and Disney Radio.

Shop owl nesting boxes from these top picks:

Where to put an owl nesting box

Roberto advises choosing a tranquil and secluded location for installation, far from human and pet activity, to ensure an undisturbed nest. 

They can be installed in a large, relatively open backyard tree, on a sturdy post, or on the exterior of a building. Note that owl pellets and droppings may accumulate below the box.

'Position the nest box at an ideal height of 10-15 feet above the ground, with the entrance facing away from prevailing winds to shield it from drafts and rain,' Roberto says. 'While some sunlight is essential for warmth, avoid placing the box where it will receive excessive direct sunlight during the hottest parts of the day, as this can overheat the nest.'

Top tip: Add a layer of bedding – a couple of inches thick – across the floor of your owl box when you go to install it. Untreated chipped wood is a popular option, but avoid cedar (which emits irritant fumes) and sawdust.

Maintaining an owl nest box

Regular maintenance is crucial for owl nesting boxes, says Roberto. 'After each nesting season, it's essential to clean the box to prevent waste buildup and reduce the risk of disease and parasites.'

Late fall is usually the best time, but do double-check that the owl nesting box isn't inhabited before you go to clean it. Wear gloves and other protective clothing, including a face mask, before you proceed – this will help protect you from any potential pathogens.

'Remove any old nesting material, and don't forget to inspect for wear and tear,' says Roberto. 'Ensure the box remains watertight and make necessary repairs to keep it in top condition,' he adds.

Top tip: Make sure to keep any hummingbird feeders clean, too, if you've added some to your yard.

FAQs

There are ways to encourage other feathered friends to your yard, too, such as installing a bird bath. It's also worth putting out bird food in winter, to give them a helping hand during the colder months.